The Diocese of Adilabad was originally part of the Diocese of Chanda until July 1999, when it was erected as a new diocese by Pope Saint John Paul II through the Papal Bull 'Ad Aptius Consulendum' dated 23 July 1999. On the same day, His Holiness also appointed Rev. Joseph Kunnath CMI as its first bishop through the Bull Quoniam Oportet. He was consecrated on 6 October 1999, the day on which the new diocese formally came into existence. After completing the canonical age of 75, Bishop Joseph Kunnath submitted his resignation.

On 6 August 2015, Rev. Prince Antony Panengadan was announced as the second Bishop of Adilabad. His episcopal consecration and installation took place on 29 October 2015 at St. Chavara Pas